Antisemitism Worldwide Report for 2025.

In the shadow of the war in Gaza, there was a surge in the number of cases of severe violence against Jews in the West in 2025, according to the annual report on the state of antisemitism in the world published this morning by Tel Aviv University. During 2025, 20 Jews were murdered in four different attacks.

This is the highest number of victims of antisemitic attacks in more than three decades.

In many countries, 2025 saw an increase compared to 2024 in the number of Jews who were victims of physical harm, such as beatings or stone-throwing. The data regarding the overall number of incidents in different countries is more complex (a figure that also refers to vandalism, verbal threats, and harassment on social media). In several countries, 2025 saw a moderate increase compared to 2024, while in others, a moderate decrease was recorded. However, in every Western country, the total number of incidents remained dozens of percentage points higher than in 2022, the year preceding the war in Gaza.

“A normalized reality” of antisemitism

According to Prof. Uriya Shavit, the editor-in-chief of the 152-page report, “The data raise concern that a high level of antisemitic incidents is becoming a normalized reality.

He continues, “The peak in the number of incidents was recorded in the immediate aftermath of the October 7 attack, after which we began to see a downward trend – but unfortunately, that trend did not continue in 2025. The steep increase in the number of cases of severe violence is not surprising. The rule that applies to all types of crime applies here as well: when law-enforcement authorities are indifferent to small crimes, the result is big crimes.”

A global benchmark for tracking antisemitism

Tel Aviv University’s annual antisemitism report has been published since 2001. The report is considered the most important document of its kind and is cited in hundreds of media outlets worldwide. The report is based on data originating from dozens of law-enforcement authorities around the world, specialized commissions, Jewish communities, reports in the media, and interviews and fieldwork by the researchers, and it also includes extensive studies on causes, characteristics, and trends. The report is published by the Center for the Study of Contemporary European Jewry and the Irwin Cotler Institute for Democracy, Human Rights and Justice.

Alarming trends in Australia and Canada

According to the report, data for Australia in 2025 is particularly alarming. Alongside a high number of violent attacks, including the Hanukkah massacre near Sydney in which 15 Jews were murdered, the total number of antisemitic incidents increased from 1,727 in 2024 to 1,750 in 2025. This compares with 1,200 incidents in 2023 and 472 in 2022. Even more alarming is that the end of the war in Gaza brought a relative increase in the number of incidents: compared with 492 recorded in October–December 2024, in the corresponding period in 2025 there were 588 incidents.

In Canada, the total number of incidents grew from 6,219 in 2024 to 6,800 in 2025, a number more than three times higher than in 2022. In Britain, the total number of incidents increased from 3,556 in 2024 to 3,700 in 2025, compared with 4,298 in 2023 and 1,662 in 2022. As in Australia, in Britain, too, the end of the war in Gaza led to an increase in the total number of incidents: whereas between October and December 2024 there were 741 incidents in the kingdom, in the corresponding period in 2025 the number surged to 1,078. The number of cases of severe violence increased from two in 2024 to four in 2025, while the number of other violent incidents (for example stone-throwing) fell from 202 to 170, and cases of vandalism increased from 157 to 217.

Bondi Beach, Sydney, Australia – December 2025

Complex trends across Europe and the United States

In France, which has the third-largest Jewish population after Israel and the United States, the total number of incidents declined from 1,570 in 2024 to 1,320 in 2025 (compared with 436 in 2022). However, the number of incidents involving physical violence rose from 106 in 2024 to 126 in 2025.

In Germany, a decline was recorded in the number of incidents – 5,729 in 2025 compared with 6,560 in 2024 (and with 2,811 incidents in 2022). However, in the number of incidents involving physical violence, a smaller decrease was recorded: 144 compared with 148. In Belgium, the number of incidents increased from 129 in 2024 to 232 in 2025, and the number of physical assaults increased from 27 to 32.

In New York, the largest Jewish city in the world, the number of incidents declined from 344 in 2024 to 324 in 2025; however, in the months of October–December, after the end of the war, the number increased from 68 to 80. In Chicago, the number of incidents declined from 79 in 2024 to 47 in 2025; however, the number of incidents involving physical violence in that period increased from eight to 10. The incident figures in the United States refer to complaints recorded by the police and not by commissions and monitoring organizations, and are less likely to include minor incidents and harassment on social media.

Criticism of government response

The report harshly criticizes the Israeli government’s role in the global fight against antisemitism. Its authors said that “the government did not carry out even a single significant and effective action and often caused harm. Israeli politicians at the highest levels steadily expanded the scope of the term ‘antisemitism,’ including through cynical and hasty declarations, drained it of meaning, and damaged the struggle against Jew-hatred.” The authors believe that the ministry for combating antisemitism, which failed in its mission, should be closed, “and its authorities and budgets transferred to Israel’s embassies and consulates, because only ongoing contact, on the ground, with Jewish communities, law-enforcement authorities, and educators, carried out by professionals and based on attentive listening and determined activity, can contribute to the security of the communities.”

Understanding the perpetrators

A comprehensive and first-of-its-kind study published in the report examined, through a review of thousands of legal and journalistic documents, alongside interviews with lawyers, the profiles of antisemitic attacks and attackers who were prosecuted in the four countries with the largest number of Jews: the United States, France, Canada, and Britain, between 2020 and 2025. Dr. Carl Yonker, the director of the research, noted: “The study makes clear why it is so difficult to prevent antisemitic attacks. An analysis of dozens of indictments and court rulings shows that many of the attackers are ‘lone wolves’ who do not operate within any organizational framework of direction. They come mainly from two entirely different political extremes – white Christians devoted to ‘white supremacy’ on the one hand, and anti-Zionist Muslims on the other. The attackers represent a wide variety of ages, geographical areas, and ethnic backgrounds. Among them is a high proportion of unemployed people and, more generally, of people to whom life has not smiled.” The pioneering study was prepared with the participation of the researchers Noah Abrahams, Elie Houé, and Antonio Peña.

Prof. Uriya Shavit

Trends beyond major Jewish communities

As every year, the TAU report also includes data on antisemitic incidents in countries with relatively small Jewish communities, and here too, the general trend is complex. In Mexico, 70 incidents were recorded in 2025 compared with 53 in 2024. In South Africa, 95 incidents were recorded in 2025 compared with 128 in 2024. In Italy, 963 incidents were recorded in 2025 compared with 877 in 2024, including 11 cases of physical assault compared with eight, respectively. In Chile, 27 incidents were recorded compared with 51. In Spain, 207 incidents were recorded compared with 193. In New Zealand – 143 incidents in 2025 compared with 131 in 2024, of which five were physical assaults compared with two respectively. In Bulgaria, 55 incidents were recorded compared with 50.

A global concern

Prof. Irwin Cotler, former Justice Minister of Canada, said: “We are witnessing not only an unprecedented global explosion in incidents of antisemitism since audits began in the 1970s, but most disturbingly, an unprecedented explosion of hate crimes targeting Jews, where, for example, Canadian Jews who are 1% of the country’s population, are the target of 72% of reported hate crimes and are 25 times more likely to be targeted than any other minority group.”

Dr. Yonker, whose comprehensive article on rampant antisemitism in the conservative movement in the United States is included in the report, noted that “the penetration of blatant antisemitism, including admiration for Hitler and Holocaust denial, into the mainstream currents of the Republican Party is cause for existential concern. Social media makes the fight against this phenomenon especially difficult, and perhaps impossible. There is currently in the United States a tremendous and dangerous drift against Israel, and antisemitism is flourishing as it has not since the Second World War.”

The report also includes a special interview with one of the leading Holocaust scholars in the United States, Prof. Christopher Browning, as well as a review of antisemitism in healthcare systems in the West.

See to the full report here.